chapter 4 answers

1.) The five coaching tips for chapter four is use the matchmaking technique, check newspaper clips or databases,check any records or documents,check the internet for information, and check the credibility of web sites before you use the information from them. These tips are important when doing online reasearch because it helps you know what to do and what to look out for as you are online.
2.) Human sources is what makes the story credible and readable. Human sources can be found in many ways. The first way is newspaper files these need to be checked before someone uses them because it may not be up to date. The second is sponsorship which is if someone finds a person that is reliable and trustworthy and they help them find new sources. The third is self-sponsorship which is when someone want to use someones clips and they send them a message saying I'll sponsor this clip. From there the person hast to ok it and thats how someone is a self-sponsor because the clip sponsors them. Matchmaking is next, this is when someone finds a source buts wants a second source so they ask the first source if they have any recommendations for other sources. Then, there is primary and secondary sources when a person is talking to someone and they say something about someone else that is derogatory, the person should go to the source that they were taliking about and find out the truth. Don't except secondary sources unless you can't get in touch with the primary source. Finally there is up/down priciples this is when a person goes to a person that was there and get direct information. A person would start from the most important and work there way down. For example, if someone wanted to find out about an accident the person would go to a police officer. Then from there they would work there way down.
3.) An anonymous source is when a person doesn't list the sources name. The person hast to be careful when using anonymous sources because the less credibility your story has. The story could become fabrication or plagarism when someone uses anonymous sources. Some reporters handled the trust involved with this type of source by not releasing names no matter what may happen to them.
4.) Ethical dilemma is when a writer doesn't know if they should show their story to a source before it is published. Ethical guidelines say that a writer should check the accuracy of all their information from all the sources to avoid errors.
5.) Promises relate to sources because the people that a writer goes through to find out about their article is just like a source. On and off records are related to sources because all the information can be used in news story. Off the record can't be used unless the person gets the same information from a diffrent source. On the records say that information can be used in news stories. First the person should to identify themselves and the state the purpose of the interview.
6.) Multi-cultural is used in terms of sources because the person will get diffrent sides from diffrent groups of people. There's many diffrent points of views from many diffrent culture types and backgrounds.
7.) The various types of written sources are telephone directories this is the telephone book with the white and yellow pages. This is where a person can find someones phone number. The reverse directories are also called city-directories which list the residents in three diffrent ways. This is the best way to locate someone when someone can't go to the scene or event. The last resource is the library. This place will help someone find out about the background of the source. Libraries also include documents, publications, encylopedia, and almanacs.
8.) Online sources are used to find background information. While getting information off the internet a person should check and make sure the information is right and he/she should know what they want to search before looking for something because the search will be faster and more effective that way.
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10.) Here are the steps to an effective search for information the first is narrow your search which means to be as specific as possible. Understand domains is the second and that is when a person gets on a web site page and can understand what type if site it is. Like, .org for organization. The third is find site contacts this is when someone is on a site and there is no contact information that person would go to the web site by using "whois" databases. Check state sites which is when a person seeks background information for the states news. This allows people to look up the background on people. Understand search engines and directories is the fifth this is when a person will locate sites and use specific words to find it. Using metasearch engines is the sixth which is a way to save time and get the responses a person needs instead of all the search engines. Using journalism directories is another way for an effective search this is when websites have links to valuable sources. People dont even have to go searching the web if he/she know the link to the topic. Journalists could also find experts. There are experts for almost every topic. If someone is seeking directions to a location he/she could use a map. Build an online source book which is a place to write the names and urls of the most helpful sites. All someone has to do is create an adress book for your sources. By finding media jobs and internships so that he/she will find oppurtunities faster by checking media organizations. Look in the yellow and white pages of the phone book to find people to locate the sources he/she may need. The last type of effective search is using email and discussion groups which lets he/she to discuss their writing. Using email is a good way to find your sources in your field. Dicussion groups he/she will have to subscribe to the groups but most of them will be free.
11.) Data base is when someone collects alot of information. To learn how to use databases is to find a library and ask for assistance. Public records are government records. The hardest part of using databases may be to try to convince public officials to release the computerized information. Other public records are fire and police records These reports may have not been serious.
12.) Some other public records are political contribution which is when he/she check for campaign contribution. Real estate records are when he/she is dealing with morgages and properties that are owned. Some of these records are posted online. Voter registration records is a list of people's names and their political party as well as their address and birth date. Salaries of county employees are listed by position and not by thier name. Corporate records are articles of corporation which is located in the register of deeds offics or the state office. Court records are located in the court house and is public to anyone. The only cases that are not public is juvenile cases. Military records are in the register of deeds office but its only for people who are registered in that country. Personal property loans is when someone takes out so much money and the goes over the amount it could be on the file for uniform commercial code listings. Building inspection records and housing permits are in the cities building. The building also includes complaints of property owners. City expenses is information about purchase orders and accounts. Public work records are projects that have to deal with roads and sewers. Fire department records include fire alarms and inspections. All these deals with the fire department. police records include criminal offenses,crimes and ongoing investigations. Utility records have to do with water sewage operation. Lastly is school district records which deals with all the school funds and enrollment.
13.) The freedom of information act was established by the congress. This act allows for several exemptions. It includes personnel matters,policies, a number of records involving law enforcements. Many reporters have found that foia is invaluable. Because of the reporters the documents are being better investigated. Before someone asks the foia he/she should go ask the agency.
14.) Sexually transmitted diseases
Tiziana Casciaro from Harvard Buisiness School
.Teens have higher rates of gonnorhea than sexually active men and women ages 20-44.